A set of records used to input a series of observations measured as a unit where the common factor is normally something like a common orbit for satellite observed from different stations at the same time.
The set is made up of a header record which defines the type of set, followed by 0 or more psuedo observation records and/or the auxiliary parameter identification records. A covariance header which describes the type and size of the matrix follows. A psuedo observation is the result of the reduction of observations and is expressed as a coordinate and associated covariance matrix.
The header record is used to identify a group of records that are used to define a set of observations. The observations set consists of one or more observations of coordinate or auxiliary parameters along with the associated matrix. This type of set is used to input into the adjustment observations that have been reduced to a series of coordinate values alomg with the associated covaraince.
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1 Blank
2:3 Code used to identify the type of data
91 : Coordinate difference header record
93 : Partially reduced normal equation header record
95 : Coordinate observation header record
4:6 Type used to identify a class of observations (Examples)
PRN : identifies following observations as
partially reduced observations
Any 3 alpha-numerical characters can be used to
identify a class of observation
7:30 Group identification listed on output
31:37 Alternate file name to read data
38:40 File type - 9 Doppler tape9 format data
- 1 Exchange data format
- 3 Exchange data format (vertical)
- iss Inertial survey data format
- any other number indicates a standard observed data file
41:45 Number of similiar sets in the file (EOF)
46:59 Epoch of coordinates as year and decimal year or "year:doy:sod"
where year = 4-digit year, doy = 3 digit day of year, and
sod = 5 digit seconds of day are separated by ":"
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1 Blank
2:3 Code 92 :
4:6 Type used to identify a class of observations (Examples)
DOP : doppler
GPS : global positioning system data
LBI : long baseline interferometry data
Any 3 alpha-numerical characters can be used to
identify a class of observation
7:15 Station number used to associate the data on
this record with data on other records for the same
coordinates
16:30 Station name
31 Blank
32:35 Observation type
36:50 X coordinate (decimal required)
51:65 Y coordinate (decimal required)
66:80 Z coordinate (decimal required)
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1:2 Blank
3 Code 96 : geographic coordinate
4:6 Type DOP : Instrument type for identification
GPS : global positioning system data
LBI : long baseline interferometry data
7:15 Station number used to associate the data on
this record with data on other records for the same
coordinates
16:30 Station name
31 Blank
32:35 Observation type
36:39 Blank
40 Latitude north-south indicator (blank, N, + or S, -)
41:42 Latitude degrees
43:45 Latitude minutes
46:54 Latitude seconds (decimal required)
55 Longitude east-west indicator (blank, W, + or E, -)
56:58 Longitude degrees
59:61 Longitude minutes
62:70 Longitude seconds (decimal required)
71:80 Ellipsoid height (meters)
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The order of the coordinate differences must match the order of the covariance matrix.
Also refered to as a baseline observation. A series of baseline observations measured at the same time using the same satellites are refered to as a session observation.
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1 Blank
2:3 Code 41 :
4:6 Type used to identify a class of observations (Examples)
DOP : doppler
GPS : global positioning system data
LBI : long baseline interferometry data
Any 3 alpha-numerical characters can be used to
identify a class of observation
7:15 Station number used to associate the data on
this record with data on other records for the same
coordinates
16:25 Station number used to associate the data on
this record with data on other records for the same
coordinates
32:35 Observation type
36:50 X coordinate difference(decimal required)
51:65 Y coordinate difference(decimal required)
66:80 Z coordinate difference(decimal required)
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The order of the terms must match the order of the partially reduced matrix.
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1 Blank
2:3 Code 92 :
4:6 Type used to identify a class of observations (Examples)
PRN : Partially Reduced Normal equations
Any 3 alpha-numerical characters can be used to
identify a class of observation
7:15 Station number or auxiliary parameter number used to
associate the data on this record with data on other
records for the same unknowns.
36:50 X' partially reduced term (decimal required)
51:65 Y' partially reduced term (decimal required)
66:80 Z' partially reduced term (decimal required)
The partially reduced term can be a station unknown or an auxiliary parameter unknown. The station unknown can have from 1 to 3 terms. The associated partially reduced matrix will conform exactly to the number of terms on the records.
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1 Blank
2:3 Code 92 :
4:6 RHS : Right Hand Side
7:15 Auxiliary parameter number used to associate the data on this
record with data on other records for the same unknowns.
32:35 Auxiliary parameter type indicating class of parameter
CS
PR
TRAX
TRAY
TRAZ
ROTX
ROTY
ROTZ
SCPR
36:50 Right hand side value computed as negative of initial value of
auxiliary parameter (metres for translations, radians for rotations
and ppm for scale) times the weight
Type Class Value
---------------------------------------------------------
Constant scale CS 0.0
Proportional scale PR 0.0
Space system scale SCPR -(Initial PPM) x (Weight)
Rotations ROT -(Initial Rad) x (Weight)
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The order of the terms must match the order of the covariance matrix.
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1 Blank
2:3 Code 92 :
4:6 Type used to identify a class of observations (Examples)
WSA : Weighted station equations
Any 3 alpha-numerical characters can be used to
identify a class of observation
7:15 Station number used to associate the data on
this record with data on other records for the same
stations.
36:50 X Adjusted value (decimal required)
51:65 Y Adjusted value (decimal required)
66:80 Z Adjusted value (decimal required)
Note: X Y and Z values must be present
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1:2 Blank
3 Code 96 : geographic coordinate
4:6 Type WSA : weighted station
7:15 Station number used to associate the data on
this record with data on other records for the same
coordinates
16:30 Station name
31:39 Blank
40 Latitude north-south indicator (blank, N, + or S, -)
41:42 Latitude degrees
43:45 Latitude minutes
46:54 Latitude seconds (decimal required)
55 Longitude east-west indicator (blank, W, + or E, -)
56:58 Longitude degrees
59:61 Longitude minutes
62:70 Longitude seconds (decimal required)
71:80 Ellipsoid height (meters)
The weighted station unknown can have from 1 to 3 terms. The associated covariance matrix will conform exactly to the number of terms on the records.
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Auxiliary parameters are identified as belonging to the data set through the use of code 94 records. Parameters are defined for the 7 Helmert transformation terms of rotation(3) translation(3) and scale. Up to seven parameters can be defined for each set and each set can have a different set of parameters identified through the auxiliary parameter number. Remember auxiliary parameters are used to solve for a bias in the data set that can be defined in terms of an associated data set or sets. For example to solve for the translation parameters in a data set, the translation parameters of at least one station must be defined by some other means.
When using auxiliary parameters make sure that there is a solution in the first place. For example solving for translation for a position difference set will cause a singularity. You may have a thousand sets identified with a translation parameter but only one or two stations where the translation is actually defined. Rotations and scale are more difficult to determine. One method of determining the strength of the solution of a parameter is to examine the variance of the solution, a weak solution will have a large variance.
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1 Blank
2:3 Code : 94 Auxiliary parameter
4:6 Type - used to identify a class of observations
DOP - Doppler
GPS - Global positioning System
LBI - Long Baseline Interferometry
PEQ - Position EQuation
PRN - Partial reduced normal
7:15 Auxiliary parameter number used to associate the data on this
record with data on other records
16:30 Additional identification
32:35 Type of Coordinate system parameters
TRAX - Translation parallel to the X azis
TRAY - Translation parallel to the Y azis
TRAZ - Translation parallel to the Z azis
ROTX - Rotation about the X azis
ROTY - Rotation about the Y azis
ROTZ - Rotation about the Z azis
SCPR - Scale correction
Note: Translation parameters are not defined
for position difference observations
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1 Blank
2:3 Code 97 :
4:6 Type used to identify a class of observations (Examples)
PDV : Position difference covariance
POV : Position covariance
PDW : Position difference weight
POW : Position weight
PRN : Partially reduced normal equations
7:14 Used to identify the type of matrix formatting
UPPER : Upper triangular starting from the diagonal four
terms per record until end of row. New record for next row.
BLOCK : Matrix stored a block of data starting from the first
term in the row four terms for each record until end of
row. New record for a new row.
15:20 Matrix size
21:25 Block size
26:30 Number of blocks
31:36 Number of observation included
37:42 Number of eliminated normal equations
43:62 Partial sum of VtPV
70:80 Scale factor for Matrix
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Each record contains up to 4 terms in a row of the matrix. Where more then 4 terms are required to complete the row another record is written. Where less than 4 terms are required only the terms required to complete the row are read.
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1:20 Floating point term right justified for exponent
21:40 Floating point term right justified for exponent
41:60 Floating point term right justified for exponent
61:80 Floating point term right justified for exponent
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